Every year on 4 February, people around the world come together to raise awareness of cancer, stand alongside those affected, and shine a light on the importance of early detection and equitable access to care. 

This year marks the second year of the global World Cancer Day theme: United by Unique, which focuses on putting people and their individual experiences at the heart of cancer care. The theme recognises that behind every diagnosis is a unique story, and that compassionate, people-centred support leads to better outcomes. 

Cancer prevention: what we can all do 

While not all cancers can be prevented, research shows that many cases can be avoided by adopting healthier habits and taking part in routine screening where offered. Here are some practical steps: 

Look after your health 

  • Stop smoking – Smoking remains the biggest preventable cause of cancer. Quitting is the single best thing you can do for your health 

  • Maintain a healthy weight – Being a healthy weight reduces the risk of at least 13 types of cancer 

  • Be active – Regular movement, even gentle walking, supports long-term health and reduces disease risk 

  • Eat well – A balanced diet can help reduce cancer risk 

  • Limit alcohol – Cutting down reduces the risk of several cancers  

  • Protect your skin – Stay safe in the sun and avoid sunbeds to reduce the risk of skin cancer. 

Cancer screening in England: what you need to know 

Screening helps detect cancer early, often before symptoms appear. 
The earlier cancer is found, the easier it can be to treat. 

Bowel cancer screening 

The NHS is making significant improvements to bowel cancer screening by increasing the sensitivity of the FIT (faecal immunochemical test). 
From 2026, England is lowering the threshold at which blood traces in a stool test trigger further investigation – a change expected to: 

  • Detect around 600 more bowel cancers early each year (an 11% increase) 

  • Identify around 2,000 more people with high-risk polyps, enabling preventative care 

  • Enable 35% more screening colonoscopies each year. 

All adults aged 50 to 74 are invited for bowel cancer screening every two years. If you receive a kit, completing and returning it promptly can make a lifesaving difference.  

Cervical cancer prevention and screening 

The NHS has pledged to eliminate cervical cancer by 2040 by combining HPV vaccination with regular cervical screening. Key points for colleagues in England: 

  • Cervical screening (smear tests) is offered to women and people with a cervix aged 25 – 64 

  • Screening can detect HPV and cell changes long before cancer develops 

  • Together with HPV vaccination, screening prevents more than 7 in 10 cervical cancers 

Spotting signs and symptoms 

Many cancer symptoms can be subtle. If you notice changes that aren’t normal for you (such as unexplained lumps, persistent pain, bleeding, changes in your digestion, or unusual fatigue) speak with a GP. Early advice and referral can save lives. 

Let’s support each other 

World Cancer Day is an important reminder that cancer touches many lives, including those of our friends, family members and communities. By learning more, taking part in screening, and supporting healthier choices, we can help reduce the impact of cancer and ensure people get the care they need.